Coalitions

Which political groups hold together, and which vote together — over the last 40 roll-call votes. Cohesion is the Rice index (how unanimous a group is); agreement is how often two groups' majorities matched.

Group cohesion

How unanimously each group votes (1 = everyone together).

S&D100%2 v

EPP100%2 v

The Left100%2 v

Greens/EFA98%2 v

Renew96%2 v

ESN89%2 v

ECR79%2 v

Non-attached54%2 v

Identity and Democracy52%2 v

PfE48%2 v

PPE0%1 v

Group agreement

How often two groups' for/against majorities matched. Darker = more aligned.

	S&D	EPP	The Left	Greens/EFA	Renew	ESN	ECR	Non-attached	Identity and Democracy	PfE	PPE
S&D	100	100	100	100	100	0	100	50	100	100	100

Cohesion uses the Rice index |for − against| / (for + against), averaged over votes where the group cast for/against ballots. Agreement counts only votes where both groups had a clear majority. Non-attached MEPs (no group) are excluded. Data via the European Parliament Open Data Portal and HowTheyVote.eu.